Tracing the Rap/Hip-Hop Dichotomy in Popular and...

Tracing the Rap/Hip-Hop Dichotomy in Popular and Underground Music Rap music has experienced a radical increase in popularity in the last five years. In the year 2000, rap became the second-best-selling genre in music, capturing 12.9 percent of the years $14.3 billion in total record sales (Rap/Hip Hop Sc 1). Though rap is no stranger to criticism, that criticism has increased in both quantity and vociferousness at about the same rate as the number of rap albums climbing the charts. And the growing evidence that, apparently, in order to achieve commercial success, each rap album must be more negative and offensive than the last does not help to address these criticisms. Unfortunately, the critics miss most of the†¦show more content†¦The genres performers and audience were predominantly black in its early phases, though there was a significant Latino minority (Smitherman Sc 1), and it originated as the response of these marginalized groups to the commercial music of the period. Afrika Bambaataa, one of hip-hops founders and leader of the Zulu Nation (a hip-hop clique), once said, The Bronx wasnt into radio music no more....Hip-hop was against the disco that was being played on the radio (Stern 412). The hip-hop community also developed responses to other aspects of disco culture: Athletic gear in place of leisure suits and breakdancing in place of disco dancing. Graffiti art also became intertwined with hip-hop early on, and the music became a celebration of the three art forms that comprise hip-hop culture—graffiti, break dancing, and the music itself (Smitherman Sc 1, Costello 22). The mid-1980s saw the rise to marginal mainstream popularity of rap groups like Run-DMC and the Beastie Boys, who drew criticism for their relaxed treatment of sex, violence and, in the case of the Beastie Boys, drugs. Indeed they had, if not lost sight of the musics original aims completely, at least added these seemingly incongruous elements to it. Then, in 1989, hip-hop blew up in the mainstream with the introduction of

Effective Communication Within A Health And Social Care...

Effective communication in practice In this essay I will be analysing effective communication and reflecting on a personal situation that demonstrates this within a health and social care setting. There are many different types of communication, verbal, non-verbal, formal, informal, written and it can be shown through your tone of voice, thorough your facial expression, as well as the through your body language. The official definition of communication according to Oxford Learning Dictionary is, â€Å"the activity or process of expressing ideas and feelings or of giving people information† and I will be using the Gibbs reflective tool (1988) and its 6 stages as the frame work to break down the incident I was involved in and compare it to the†¦show more content†¦By this point the patient had stopped breathing, I had pressed the emergency buzzer and ran to phone outreach whilst one of the nurses on my ward had started CPR and a nurse from the ward next door had pushed down the crash trolley. During situa tions like this it is hard to always insure that the patient’s dignity says intake, there is a lot that happens quickly, with urgency and as well as a confined space, as a result an output is often prioritised over making sure that patient in covered for example. However, the patient is constantly being reassure and we were running him through what was happening to try and lessen his panic in an unsettling and terrifying experience. The first emotion I remember feeling when I realised the seriousness of the situation was shock. This was the first crash I had ever experience and as the shock began to pass I felt slightly panicked, there was an element of chaos that had erupted within minutes and everyone was rushing around in kind of a blur. I do however remember that any commands or questions that were being asked were being spoken calmly and with the impression that everything was in control, this was somewhat reassuring to me when I felt at a loss of what to do. When the outreach people came, the people that help the nursesShow MoreRelatedExplain the Role of Effective Communication and Interpersonal Interaction Within a Health and Social Care Setting4822 Words   |  20 PagesExplain the role of effective communication and interpersonal interaction within a health and social care setting By Ellena Hall Figure 1 Figure 1 Contents Page: Page 3: Introduction Pages 4-7: Main Text Pages: 8- 9 Conclusion Page: 10 Definitions Page: 11 Bibliography Introduction: I am writing this report to inform year 11 students about effective communication which can be used during work placement in a health and social care setting. This is due to concernsRead MoreUnit 1 Communication1302 Words   |  6 PagesDIPLOMA IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE LEVEL 3. Unit 1. Developing effective communication in health and social care. Explain the role of effective communication and interpersonal interaction in a health and social care context. CRITERIA P1. 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The Alchemist Symbolism free essay sample

The Alchemist tells the story of Santiago, a young shepherd living in an abandoned church in a small Andalusian town, who is stripped of his comfortable and safe lifestyle after an encounter with Melchizedek, an Islamic king who tells him of his â€Å"Personal Legend† (21). Melchizedek points Santiago in the direction of his treasure only after taking one-tenth of his money, giving him two stones, and a lesson on reading omens. Throughout his journey, Santiago meets new friends, has everything stolen from him three times, and travels the vast and unknown Sahara Desert all while achieving personal growth and an understanding of his life’s meaning. His journey leads him to an Oasis where he meets the alchemist, a man who will lead him on to the pyramids of Egypt. When Santiago finally completes his journey and arrives at the pyramids, he is beaten by soldiers and ironically told where the treasure is truly hidden: buried beneath a tree at an abandoned church, the exact spot where he had started. Coelho masterfully works symbolism into The Alchemist to give the reader a direct picture and deeper understanding of his piece. These symbols allow the reader to gain valuable insight into the piece through background knowledge and relations to the symbol itself. One example of symbolism in The Alchemist is mirages, or hallucinations. This symbol is not used in the way a typical reader would think. Instead of meaning a picture that one sees in the extreme heat, it is used to represent a vision or aspiration. Although the term mirage is mentioned only once in the novel, it is symbolized throughout by Santiago’s struggle to obtain his treasure. His hardships in traveling give the reader a sense that the treasure itself may be a mirage, something Santiago is only dreaming of but may never physically reach. Coelho uses two separate meanings of the word mirage. The literal definition word mirage is used the one time that it is mentioned and is understood to mean a vision. Santiago is watching hawks flying through the sky when an adverse move by one bird causes him to see a sign. Suddenly, one of the hawks made a flashing dive through the sky, attacking the other. As it did so, a sudden, fleeting image came to the boy: an army, with its swords at the ready, riding into the oasis. The vision vanished immediately, but it had shaken him. He had heard people speak of mirages, and had already seen some himself: they were desires that, because of their intensity, materialized over the sands of the desert. But he certainly didnt desire that an army invade the oasis. (100) At this point in the novel, Coelho is using mirage in the literal sense of a vision seen in the desert. Although Santiago sees it is a sign of the future and acts on this thought, the meaning of the word in this sense remains the same. Coelho also inadvertently compares Santiago’s entire journey as a mirage in itself. There are many times throughout the plot where it seems Santiago has almost reached his treasure or has made progress only to find a block in the road or a digression he must make. Although the reader may not make the connection during the first read, it is evident that the story line mirrors that of a mirage as Santiago seems physically unable to reach his treasure with ease. The first instance of such struggle comes early in his journey. Santiago sold his sheep and was traveling through Tangier when he stopped in a bar. There he meets and strange man who, for the right price, offers to take him to the pyramids claiming they â€Å"could get to the Pyramids by tomorrow† (36). Santiago allows himself to trust this man and lets him hold his money, the entirety of his possessions. The man leads Santiago through the plaza, a maze of people, vendors, and animals and, eventually, Santiago loses the stranger and all his money. This is the first time Santiago’s Personal Legend could be perceived as a mirage. Like a hallucination to a thirsty and tired desert traveler, this event gave Santiago happiness and hope only to leave him without his proverbial water and shelter. After being promised a guide to the pyramids and a short travel period he was instead left alone and without money. What had minutes beforehand seemed like a perfect way to his treasure was now only an empty promise. Soon after, Santiago is forced to work for a crystal merchant in the hopes of replacing his lost money and continuing on his quest. He works for the merchant for eleven months and during this time, continues to think less and ess of his Personal Legend. He becomes skilled in this practice and begins to work towards instead, replacing his flock of sheep and returning to his past lifestyle. During this time, Santiago perceived reaching the pyramids as an impossible feat claiming â€Å"Egypt was now just a distant dream for him† and that, like a mirage, it would always be just out of his reach (56). In th is way, Coelho shows that Santiago’s morale is lessening. The more that he stays at the crystal shop, the more he sees his treasure as a mirage instead of a physical object. Not only can the boy’s journey be related to mirages, so to can his relationship with Fatima. He first meets her at the oasis by the water well. They next day he returns and tells her that he loves her. From there he begins to tell her of his life as a shepherd and his search for treasure. Fatima listens patiently for a month and then finally tells Santiago her true feelings for him. She explains that she is a woman of the desert and that, since she is a woman of the desert, she is used to watching husbands leave. She explains how she is glad to let him go and wish for his safety until he returns, as it is something his must do. Santiago heeds her advice and continues on his journey, always thinking back to Fatima and the oasis, yearning to be with her. Coelho once again presents an event that can be compared to a mirage in this relationship. Santiago finally finds the woman he claims to love and just as he is getting close to her, she sends him off, away from what he desires. Santiago uses this relationship that is at the tip of his fingers as motivation to reach the end of his Personal Legend and return to Fatima with the treasure he has been searching for. Perhaps the largest and most prominent example of and event relating to a mirage would be when Santiago finally reaches the pyramids. After the hardships he encounters along his way, which include being stolen from twice, being stuck in the midst of a war, and having to turn himself into the wind, he finally reaches Egypt where his treasure is fated to be held. He praises God for leading him along his Personal Legend and begins to dig when he is approached by several men who command him to keep digging, as they were to take his gold. When Santiago found nothing in the ground, the men beat him and stopped only after he explained that he was led there by a dream. The soldiers leave but not before the leader explains a recurrent dream that he had. He told Santiago that his dream instructed him to â€Å"travel to the fields of Spain and look for a ruined church where shepherds and their sheep slept. In my dream, there was a sycamore growing out of the ruins of the sacristy, and I was told that, if I dug at the roots of the sycamore, I would find a hidden treasure† (163). This perhaps is the most ironic part of the story, as well as the most relevant to the mirage symbolism that is prevalent throughout the story line. Through the entirety of his journey, he is told that his treasure lies at the pyramids. He struggles to cross the desert and find his way there. When he finally reaches the place that seemed almost impossible to find, he is beaten and told through another person’s vision that his treasure lays in the fields of Andalusia, the exact spot where he started. It seemed that he was so close to his treasure, just one grain of sand away when suddenly he is told how far he truly is from obtaining it. This mirage reference gives the reader a sense of humor and knowledge that, the whole journey was made up for the purpose of personal growth. It gives the reader the sense that, while Santiago had always been right on top of the treasure and never knew, the journey and spiritual and personal growth was the real treasure Santiago obtained. When Santiago finally finds his treasure from the same tree he had previously slept under, the reader is given a final sense of relief that he has finally found the item that had always been just out of reach. Coelho uses these examples of symbolism and more to create an overlying relation of Santiago’s journey to that of a mirage. While this is not a traditional style in which a symbol is used and may not be noticed by a reader their first time reading the book, it is a prevalent relation that adds depth and character to the book. Even though the word mirage is only mentioned one time, a reader will be able to connect Santiago’s struggle in traveling and in his interpersonal communications as a relation to mirages. Without this relation, an element of the novel’s plot would be lost and readers would have nothing to compare his struggles to. Not only does the mirage relation give the reader a physical image to compare with his quest, it also ties the journey back to the setting, the Sahara Desert. This adds yet another layer to the story line that previously claimed everything is connected by the â€Å"Soul of the World† (22). Coelho masterfully works this overlaying symbol into his novel to add depth and character to a story and to give the reader an overall moral; to never give up on your dream, even when it seems as if it will always be physically unattainable. This moral is illustrated by Santiago’s determination in finding his treasure and returning to Fatima at the oasis, even when so much had already gone wrong on his quest. It describes how, if a person maintains their intended path and listens to their heart, they will have treasure beyond their dreams, find personal and spiritual growth, and be truly happy.

Lyndon Johnsons Effect Of American Foriegn Policy Towards Isreal Essay

Lyndon Johnsons Effect Of American Foriegn Policy Towards Isreal The following is a discussion of American foreign policy towards Israel, and the Middle East. In it I will show that Lyndon Johnson changed the regional position and opinion of the United Stated by adapting a pro Israeli stance, categorized by excusing many unadvised forceful actions taken by Israel. It will be shown how Johnson's response to the outbreak of the 1967 War was the major factor in the change. These changes took the first steps in developing the close friendship between America and Israel. Other factors will be discussed. The cold war had a major effect on policy decisions. This will be shown through a historical account of his predecessor's policies in their dealings with the region. I will show that American some presidents had pro Israeli feelings, but aimed at staying neutral, and keeping the broadness of American influence in the Middle East. In all dealings, American presidents tried to appease both sides, and keep the peace. It was not until Lyndon Johnson came to power that policy took such pro Israeli turn. His predecessor John F Kennedy set the stage, but it's roots lie in the Truman presidency, when Israel was not yet a nation. The analysis next leads to Eisenhower, his stance during the Suez Canal Crisis, gained America a good standing amongst Israeli's and Arabs. The foundations for the 1967 war are built on this crisis. Harry Truman looked at the issue through Humanitarian eyes, as did his predecessor, Franklin Roosevelt. The two both truly felt sorry for what had had happened to the Jews and wanted to see some reparations made. These two men had their cabinets, state department and foreign affairs to consider before making a public stance on their Jewish feelings. Truman had a very bureaucratic, and anti Semitic state department to deal with. He called them the striped pants boys. These boys saw no reason to stress the urgent creation of a Jewish state, and were in no hurry to empty the overflowing displaced persons camps. Truman's opinion was that the state department's only concern was future American Arab relations, and not the fate of the shattered people. (Lenczowski page 26) This was also the world opinion. World War II had just ended. Most of the European powers were bankrupt. The Arabs were also a consideration; they controlled the oil a resource the western powers relied on. These nations were not eager to see a Jewish state created in their neighborhood. Harry Truman took pro Jewish actions anyway. In a communication to English Prime Minster Winston Churchill on July 24, 1945 he requested that he lift the existing immigration restrictions of Jews to the then state of Palestine. Truman's policy led to harsh criticism. It was said that he urged action in Palestine but was not willing to take responsibility for its enforcement. American motives came into question as well. One year later Foreign Secretary Earnest Beavin at a conference addressing the British labor party in Bournmouth on June 12 1946, was quoted as saying American policy makers want to ensure immigration to Palestine ? Because they did not want too many of them on New York.? (Lenczowski page 26) This was not the time to give full American support to the Jews. Instead an Anglo American ?blue ribbon? committee was formed to look into possible solutions to the problem. Upon Truman's acceptance members appointed, and began working. The committee in April of 1946 concluded, and made their recommendations, in ?The Grady Morrision report?. It recommended the continuation of the British mandate, the immediate immigration of 100,000 Jews to Palestine, and immediate repudiation of the land transfer restrictions. The next step was the creation of an Anglo-American committee to implement the sanctions put forth by the original committee. (Lenczowski page 23) The result was the Grady Morrison report, it called for the formation of a federalized Arab Jewish state, as well as required Jewish Arab consent on numbers of Jewish refugees aloud to immigrate. This proposal was disappointing to the Zionists, and was not accepted by Truman, and the committee was a failure. (Lenczowski page 24) On two occasions before and after reading the report of committee Truman called

Skin Cancer Essays (1375 words) - Carcinoma, Dermatologic Surgery

Skin Cancer Essays (1375 words) - Carcinoma, Dermatologic Surgery Skin Cancer Every hour one American is killed by skin cancer and every thirty seconds one American gets skin cancer. Cancer is a deadly disease that alters the DNA of a skin cell and causes it to reproduce at a rapid pace. This overproduction of cells can be harmful and in many cases deadly. Out of these cancers the most common is Basal cell carcinoma. Many steps have been made in the treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma, some have been very successful and some not. The cells that have the altered DNA are called malignant or cancerous cells. These cells are found in the outer layers of the skin. The skin's main job is to protect the body from infections and to insulate the body to keep it at the proper temperature. The first layer of skin is called the epidermis. This is the layer that is closest to the surface of the skin. There are three types of cells in this layer. The first is the squamace. The squamace cells are flat and scaly and are located closest to the surface of the skin. Second are the basal cells and finally are the melanocytes, which give the skin its color. The second layer of skin is the dermis, which is much thicker than the epidermis. This layer contains sweat glands, nerves and blood vessels. The dermis also contains follicles, which are tiny pockets from which the hair grows. The most common malignant cells are the basal cells. Cancer in the basal cell is called nonmelanoma cancer. This means that the cancer did not start in the melanocytes located in the epidermis. Basal Cell Carcinoma is caused by overexposure to the sun. The sun gives off ultraviolet rays, which are harmful to the human body. Basal cell carcinoma will affect body parts such as the eyes, ears and nose. If it is detected before it gets deep into the skin there will most likely be no problem treating the cancer. A problem will occur if it isn't detected quickly enough and it has progressed into the deep portions of the tissue. If Basal cell carcinoma is left untreated it can be very hard to treat and may even cause death. The common methods of treatment involve the use of Mohs micrographic surgery, radiation therapy, electrodesiccation and curettage, and simple excision. Each of these methods is useful in specific clinical situations. Depending on the case, these methods have cure rates r anging from 85% to 95%. Mohs micrographic surgery, a newer surgical technique, has the highest cure rate for surgical treatment of both primary and recurrent tumors. This method uses microscopic control to determine the extent of tumor invasion. Although Mohs micrographic surgery method is complicated and requires special training, it has the highest cure rate of all surgical treatments because the tumor is microscopically outlined until it is completely removed. While other treatment methods for recurrent basal cell carcinoma have failure rates of about 50%, cure rates have been reported at 96% when treated by Mohs micrographic surgery. Mohs micrographic surgery is also indicated for tumors with poorly defined clinical borders, tumors with diameters larger than two cm, tumors with histopathologic features showing morpheaform or sclerotic patterns, and tumors arising in regions where maximum preservation of uninvolved tissue is desirable, such as eyelid, nose and finger. Next there is a treatment involving simple excision with frozen or permanent sectioning for margin evaluation. This traditional surgical treatment usually relies on surgical margins ranging from three to ten millimeters, depending on the diameter of the tumor. Tumor recurrence is not uncommon because only a small fraction of the total tumor margin is examined pathologically. Recurrence rate for primary tumors greater than 1.5 cm in diameter is at least twelve percent within five years. If the primary tumor measures larger than three cm, the five year recurrence rate is 23.1%. Primary tumors of the ears, eyes, scalp, and nose have recurrence rates ranging from 12.9% to 25%. Third there is electrodesiccation and curettage. This method is the most widely employed method for removing primary basal cell carcinomas. Although it is a quick method for destroying tumor, adequacy of treatment cannot be assessed immediately since the surgeon cannot

Something new, something old, something personal Essays

Something new, something old, something personal Essays Something new, something old, something personal Essay Something new, something old, something personal Essay The Item I picked for something new Is my Hess Truck Collection. I have been collecting these trucks since I was five years old. They are made and sold once a year by Hess Gas Stations. Hess Gas Stations are on the East Coast. My Grandmother lives In Philadelphia and bought my first truck for me. The trucks are amazingly detailed. Each year is a really unique model with lots of Intricate details. Some of the rare Hess Trucks are from the sasss. I hope to find some of them someday. For my something Old I chose my Marx Train. I have always enjoyed trains. Maybe hats because I have been taking the Amtrak train from Oregon to Philadelphia Pa. Since I was born, sometimes twice a year. I love the history of trains and how they helped open the West. I love the motion on a long train ride (it rocks you to sleep). The views are great and so is the food When you are on a train for a long time you make what my family calls travel friends. There are a lot of people on road trips across the country every day. The company that makes my train, the Marx company no longer exists which makes these trains a little rare. This engine was made in 1926. I definitely would say that my dog Buddy is the most special thing to me besides my family. He is a Golden Retriever and he is eight years old. This breed has a reputation for being really friendly and he really is a good friend. If I am ever feeling down he helps me. He sis good listener. Buddy has some Alpha dog behavior. He feels like he has to be in charge.

Human Life Cycle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Human Life Cycle - Essay Example To be specific, women do not usually develop facial hairs like their male counterparts on their faces as a sign of puberty at common instances (Bolin & Whelehan, 1999). During pre-puberty stages, the development of female body takes place with the initial development of the breasts. It is a common phenomenon among female approaching their adolescence. In the stage of the pre-pubertal development, nipple enlargement occurs with the enlargement of the breasts and enlargement of the projected areola. With the maturity of the female, the breasts develop and the nipple appears to be the second mount. The development of breasts does not take place among males at such an apparent rate though. However, their chests expand as a sign of development at the time of their puberty (Bolin & Whelehan, 1999). In both females and males, the development of pubic hair is quite common. However, for females, the pubic hair grows sparsely along both sides of the labia, wherein with pigmentation, the hairs become coarse and curls as well as spreads to the medial of the thighs. For males, the pubic hair grows below the penis around the testes. The pubic hairs grow in the genital areas for both the sexes as a representation of the secondary sex characteristics (Bolin & Whelehan, 1999). The rate of women fertility is reduced during the late 20s and has a substantiate rate of decrease during the late 30s. Probabilities of pregnancy are high among women who are between the ages of 19-26 years than the women who are in their 30s. The female reproductive system is observed to age faster than any other organs. Even though the average age of menopause is 51 years for women, the reproductive system starts ageing at the age of 20s itself. Observably, there is a gradual as well as the drastic loss of fertility after the age of 35 years in females. Conversely, women maintain a regular ovulatory menstrual cycle even after 40s although the rate of fertility declines at an earlier age

Racial profiling in nj and ny among 18 -32 year males Essay

Racial profiling in nj and ny among 18 -32 year males - Essay Example In the two states, the issue has been documented on several occasions. In New Jersey, law enforcement was shaken in 1999 when state police commanders admitted to using racial drug-courier profiles to stop motorists on the New Jersey Turnpike and the Garden State Parkway. In New York, incidents such as the beating and sodomizing of Abner Louima by Police Officer Justin Volpe and the police shooting of Amadou Diallo on the steps of his Bronx apartment building raised a public outcry from minority communities. President George Bush addressed the issue before congress where he reported that he had asked Attorney General John Ashcroft to develop specific proposals to end the practice, Claudia Perry, (2008). My hypothesis for this research is that: Arbitrary police searches and investigations are targeted at 18-32 year-old males who belong to minority races in New York and New Jersey. The independent variable here is arbitrary police searches and investigations (racial profiling) while the two dependent variables are being an 18-32 year-old male and belonging to a minority race such as African America, Hispanic, Oriental or Arab. Previous studies that have been carried out on racial profiling helped to expose the problem and focus attention on it. One such study carried out by Gene Callahan and William Anderson on the practice of racial profiling found that the practice is more prevalent in investigations involving drugs and victimless crimes in general. They found that most of those targeted by law enforcement agents for field and station interrogation were from minorities. The 55% of the victims were Hispanics with roots in South America and Mexico. However, the main limitation of their research was that it only concentrated on drug related cases and suspicions, Gene Callahan and William Anderson (2002). Another study was carried out by Thevenot Chad of the Criminal Justice Policy Foundation in 1999. The foundation monitors abuses of the American legal

My Dream Essay Example for Free

My Dream Essay Hello everybody, im Doan Phuong Ly and i have been studied at Saigontech since 2012. My main major is Business Management. And i will have 2 more semesters to finish this program. I do really enjoy the business so that after graduating from this college , i hope that i can afford myself to attend the higher business program like MBA or rather , i will attend some Advanced Diploma certification which is necessary to my business in the future. As a person who are interested in business, i need to know the essential needs and basics of business so when i joined this course i feel it seems very useful and necessary to achieve my goals in my work life now and in the future. Eventhough, this course is short but it includes alot of content about the business such as the business environment, how to creating financing marketing and managing a business. In my life now, i have quite a lot of problems when i want to open my own business, such as opening my fashion shop, ive met quite a lots of trouble to identify and find out the best way to reach to my purpose. Fortunately, when participating in this course, there are too many things in books and also my instructor support a lots of business knowledge. It helps me to apply to my business work now, and if i can go further, i can understand the economic situation so that i may manage my business more effectively and i will achieve much success in my future.

Suicide :: essays research papers fc

I will never forget what happened in my high school merely five months ago. Chuck was 16 years old, a junior in high school, and a star football player. In December of 2002, he began to have many troubles in his life. His girlfriend of about one year broke off their relationship, and declined his invitation to the school’s annual Christmas Ball. In the days leading up to this dance, Chuck had lost his after-school job, and had several conferences with his guidance counselor about his poor academic performance. On top of all of these factors, Chuck went to a car dealership to put a down payment a car he had his heart set on, and discovered it had already been sold. Chuck went to the Christmas Ball alone, following his ex-girlfriend around for the majority of the night. Midway through the evening, one of Chuck’s classmates screamed at him, â€Å"She doesn’t like you, get away from her and get a life!† Chuck spent the rest of the evening sitting alone. He di d not attend any of the after-parties that evening, and the next day, Chuck’s parents discovered his body hanging in their shower. Have you ever felt like just throwing it all away? No matter how pleasant a person’s life is, there are often times where a person feels overpowered by feelings of doubt, despair, and hopelessness. The majorities of people either push these feelings aside or cope with them, and the feelings diminish and disappear. For others, these emotions never seem to fade away; intense negative feelings continually overwhelm their lives and lead them to believe there is no way to escape or cope with the problems at hand. They turn to suicide, seeing death as the only solution to their problems. Suicide is a problem that affects all people, in every age group, from every background, in every social class, and should not be taken lightly. Due to the graveness of the issue and its detrimental effects, all people are socially obligated to help prevent suicide at all costs. Suicide is defined as â€Å"the act or an instance of intentionally killing oneself.† (www.dictionary.com) In the United States alone, an average of 29,350 people commits suicide each year, equaling approximately 80 people a day, one person every 18 minutes. Suicide is the 11th leading cause of death in the United States. Although the overall rate of suicide has dropped in recent years, teen suicide has increased, becoming the 3rd leading cause of death for individuals between the ages of 15 and 24.

Behavioral Program

Much of real-life behavior is like this: responses are learned because they operate on, or effect the environment. Referred to as an operant conditioning, this kind of learning occurs in human’s species, as well as in lower species. Alone in a crib, a baby may kick and twist and coo spontaneously.When left by itself, a dog may pad back and forth, sniff, or perhaps pick up a ball, drop it, and play with it. In the case study presented, Claire apparently learned that her tantrums had given her the leverage to get what she wants and this definitely is also a picture of operant conditioning in application.Neither organism is responding to the onset or offset of a specific external stimulus. Rather, they are operating on their environment. Once the organism performs a certain behavior, however, the likelihood that the action will be repeated depends on its consequences. The baby will coo more often if each such occurrence is followed by parental attention, just as what happens to C laire, and the dog will pick up the ball more often if petting or a food reward follows this action.If one would think of the baby as having a goal of parental attention, and the dog as having a goal of food, then operant conditioning amounts to learning that a particular behavior leads to attaining a particular goal (Atkinson, 1993). Theoretical framework Instrumental conditioning, in the strict sense, is based on the concept and idea of Burrhus Frederick Skinner or B. F. Skinner. Like John Watson, Skinner insists that psychologists concern themselves only with observable behavior; that is, the psychologist should study behavior as it is and nothing more.Hence, Skinner tried to look for lawful processes in behavior with the use of rats and pigeons (Atkinson, 1993). Operant conditioning may then play a role in attitude formation where parents tend to reward their children for expressing attitudes that coincide with their own and to punish or ignore then for expressing attitudes that deviate from them (Atkinson, 1993). Applications of the theory Applications of operant conditioning to a child focus on the temporal relation between a response and its reinforcer.Laboratory experiments have shown that immediate reinforcement is more effective than delayed; the more time between an operant response and a reinforcer the less is the strength of the response. Many developmental psychologists have noted that the delay of reinforcement is an important factor in dealing with young children. If a child acts kindly towards a pet, the act can best be strengthened by praising (rewarding) the child immediately, rather than waiting until later.Similarly, if a child hits someone without provocation, this aggressive behavior will more likely be eliminated if the child is punished immediately rather than waiting until later (Atkinson, 1993). Allen and Harris (1966) report on a research on the successful elimination of a child’s incessant scratching by first teaching the mo ther the idea behind operant conditioning. Another study though not so related with Claire’s case is the application of instrumental conditioning in motivating oneself to lose weight (Collier, 1969).Reinforcement- is anything that increases the probability that a particular response will increase in frequency. The presentation (positive) or removal (negative) of particular consequences may reinforce responses. Thus, reinforcement may be either positive or negative. Positive reinforcer. Increases the probability that an operant will occur when it is applied, or it increases the likelihood that a particular response will occur.When Claire gets praised whenever she responds in a quiet manner if her wishes were not granted immediately, she is likely to consistently follow this rewarded behavior. This is an example of positive reinforcement. Negative reinforcer. Increases the probability that an operant will occur when it is removed. People often learn to plan ahead so that they n eed not fear that things will go wrong. Fear acts as a negative reinforcer, because removal of fear increases the probability that the behaviors preceding it will be repeated (Rathus, 1990).Putting the Behavioral Program in Motion: Since it is predictable that Claire will put on a tantrum anytime of the day for whatever it may fancy her, the parents must know or be knowledgeable about why it happens. The parents must be thoroughly acquainted with the notion of operant conditioning. Claire obviously has learned in a number of events that whenever she puts on a tantrum her parents cannot help but react according to her wishes instead of according to theirs. They must understand that, 1) Claire’s behavior (e. g.tantrums) will not be changed in an instant or overnight, if that’s to be realistic; 2) that they will probably be tempted to succumb for fear of the unknown or fear of what might happen to their daughter; 3) that they should not give in to their fears or to anger or frustration when the child will not learn immediately. When Claire goes into fits (which is usually the behavioral manifestation of a child in tantrums) like when she demands to have something that should not be hers, both parents must agree never to give in and instead, to leave where the event is happening.If it is happening inside the house, they must leave the area out of sight of the child but close enough to know what’s happening with her but never without her knowing. This must be done repeatedly until she learns to adapt; if inside a store or in a public area, either parent must anticipate these scenarios to happen and must come up with a variety of diversions. Both must be skillful enough that their diversion tactic must not be another venue or channel for Claire to use her manipulative abilities.The goal then is to make her know eventually that the child is not in command. The real goal is that parents must be the one in control in a firm manner and the child mus t come to accept her parents’ superior ability and that her good is their ultimate concern. Measuring the Success of the Behavioral Program The strength of an operant response can be measured by its resistance to extinction; that is, by how long it takes for the behavior to return to its original rate once the pleasant consequent consequence following the behavior no longer occurs.It is thus told that it is generally correct that for an operant response to be strengthened, the response should be rewarded. But reward in ordinary language denotes things such as money, candy, or praise. There would be times, however, that a reward will not always strengthen an operant response. Suppose, in this instance with Claire, that one of the parents or both parents would give Claire a candy or chocolate but if the problem is to withhold food such as these from her then it will be another dilemma that the parents are getting into.Hence, psychologists prefer to speak of reinforcement/s rath er than reward. The withdrawal of a negative reinforcer will also increase the likelihood of a particular behavior. It is clear that it is possible to increase the occurrence of the desired response by presenting or withdrawing a positive or a negative reinforcer, respectively. Note that positive and negative reinforcers do not connote â€Å"good† or â€Å"bad. † Psychologists neither call a positive reinforcer â€Å"good† reinforcer, nor a negative reinforcer a â€Å"bad† reinforcer.To eliminate tantrums then, the parents withhold the reinforcer (the attention), the tantrums should extinguish eventually if the parents can hold long enough. Measuring then the success of the program is through the length of time Claire spends in crying from the first time attention was withheld (probably from an hour to 45 minutes the next time it happens); then the second time; the third time and so on and this can be usually noticeable within only one week or seven days. Reference: Allen, K. E. , & Harris, F. R. (1966).Elimination of a child's excessive scratching by training the mother in reinforcement procedures. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 4, 79-84. Atkinson, R. L. , R. C. Atkinson, E. E. Smith, D. J. Bem, and S, Nolen-Hoeksema. 1993. Introduction to psychology. 13th Ed. New York: Harcourt College Publishers. Collier, G. (1969). Body weight loss as a measure of motivation in hunger and thirst. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 157, 594-609. Rathus, S. A. 1990. Understanding child development. New York; Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.

Philosophical Reflection Essay

In the words of Socrates, the Great Greek philosopher, â€Å"The unexamined life is not worth living†. One of the major things that distinguish man from other animals is his ability to ruminate. To be is to be conscious and to be conscious means to be fully aware and thoughtful. In a world where different belief systems are flying around, man needs to test all things and hold on to that which is certain. We should pattern our lives in such a way that we separate truth from illusion and make decisions after careful or critical consideration. Philosophical reflection is the careful examination of life situations. This involves the weighing of several alternatives and using specific standards to evaluate one’s actions. A man reflects philosophically when he is able to build on previous actions, events, or decisions. This essential attribute spells the difference between man and other lower animals whose basis of action is their feeling. Making an assessment of my life, i will say that philosophical reflection has been a part of my life. I learnt the importance of making the right choices early in life. My father used to tell me; â€Å"You are what you do†. I guess this made me develop a cautious attitude towards making decisions and evaluating issues before coming to a conclusion. I have grown up to see things from different points of view. I do not accept a view because of who said it, rather, i put all things into scrutiny in order to hold on to that which is true. Before making a decision, i draw up a probable conclusion on the eventualities and weigh up the effect of my actions. I believe the wisest of men can learn from a fool and in view of this, i do not write-off anybody. I carefully and critically examine a pre-existing belief before incorporating it as my belief system. As i have discovered, many of the things people believe are lies and illusions. I do not attach sentiments to whatever i do because this will lead my judgement astray. Reference:

Free Essays on The Impact Of The Cold War On American Foreign Policy

The Cold War emerged out of the post-World War II struggle between the United States (US) and its allies and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and its allies. During the Cold War period, which lasted from the mid-1940s until the end of the 1980s, American foreign policy and international politics were heavily shaped by the intense rivalry between these two great blocs of power and the political ideologies they represented: democracy and capitalism in the case of the United States and its allies, and Communism in the case of the Soviet bloc. The principal allies of the United States during the Cold War included Britain, France, West Germany, Japan, and Canada. On the Soviet side were many of the countries of Eastern Europe- including Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, East Germany, and Romania- and, during parts of the Cold War, Cuba and China. American journalist Walter Lippmann first popularized the term cold war in a 1947 book by that name. By using the term, Lippmann meant to suggest that relations between the USSR and its World War II allies (primarily the United States, Britain, and France) had deteriorated to the point of war without the occurrence of actual warfare. Over the next few years, the emerging rivalry between these two camps hardened into a mutual and permanent preoccupation. It dominated the foreign policy agendas of both sides and led to the formation of two vast military alliances: the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), created by the Western powers in 1949; and the Soviet-dominated Warsaw Pact, established in 1955. Although centered originally in Europe, the Cold War enmity eventually drew the United States and the USSR into local conflicts in almost every quarter of the globe. It also produced the Cold War arms race, which became an intense competition between the two superpowers to accumul ate advanced military weapons. Hostility between the United States and the USSR had i... Free Essays on The Impact Of The Cold War On American Foreign Policy Free Essays on The Impact Of The Cold War On American Foreign Policy The Cold War emerged out of the post-World War II struggle between the United States (US) and its allies and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and its allies. During the Cold War period, which lasted from the mid-1940s until the end of the 1980s, American foreign policy and international politics were heavily shaped by the intense rivalry between these two great blocs of power and the political ideologies they represented: democracy and capitalism in the case of the United States and its allies, and Communism in the case of the Soviet bloc. The principal allies of the United States during the Cold War included Britain, France, West Germany, Japan, and Canada. On the Soviet side were many of the countries of Eastern Europe- including Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, East Germany, and Romania- and, during parts of the Cold War, Cuba and China. American journalist Walter Lippmann first popularized the term cold war in a 1947 book by that name. By using the term, Lippmann meant to suggest that relations between the USSR and its World War II allies (primarily the United States, Britain, and France) had deteriorated to the point of war without the occurrence of actual warfare. Over the next few years, the emerging rivalry between these two camps hardened into a mutual and permanent preoccupation. It dominated the foreign policy agendas of both sides and led to the formation of two vast military alliances: the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), created by the Western powers in 1949; and the Soviet-dominated Warsaw Pact, established in 1955. Although centered originally in Europe, the Cold War enmity eventually drew the United States and the USSR into local conflicts in almost every quarter of the globe. It also produced the Cold War arms race, which became an intense competition between the two superpowers to accumul ate advanced military weapons. Hostility between the United States and the USSR had i...

Laoban - Old Boss in Mandarin Chinese

Laoban - Old Boss in Mandarin Chinese Titles are important in Chinese culture, and they are used more frequently than in most Western countries. One good example of this is that titles can be used to address people, which you might be familiar with from your Mandarin class where you can call the teacher è€ Ã¥ ¸ « (lÇŽoshÄ «). While that can be done in English too, its usually reserved for younger kids and not as common as in Mandarin Chinese. è€ Ã¦  ¿/éâ€"† (lÇŽobÇŽn) - boss; shopkeeper The title for â€Å"shopkeeper† is lÇŽobÇŽn. This is used to refer to the owner or proprietor of a shop. LÇŽobÇŽn can be used when referring to or addressing the shopkeeper. LÇŽobÇŽn has two characters: è€ Ã¦  ¿/éâ€"†: The first one, lÇŽo, means â€Å"old,† and is a term of respect. It is the same character used in lÇŽoshÄ « (teacher). Even though it doesnt mean old in this context, it can be a useful memory aid to think of it like that.The second character éâ€"†, bÇŽn, means â€Å"boss,† so the literal translation of lÇŽobÇŽn â€Å"old boss.† Note that these are different in simplified and traditional Chinese (simplified: æ  ¿, traditional éâ€"†, but the simplified version is used in traditional too). The most common meaning of æ  ¿ is plank. To remember the word, create a vivid picture of a typical shopkeeper in China (whatever comes to mind when you think of the word), but picture the person with a face like an old, gnarled plank. Examples of LÇŽobÇŽn Click on the links to hear the audio. Nà ¨igà ¨ lÇŽobÇŽn yÇ’u mi hÄ›n hÇŽo de dÃ… ngxÄ «.é‚ £Ã¥â‚¬â€¹Ã¨â‚¬ Ã©â€"†æÅ"‰è ³ £Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã§Å¡â€žÃ¦  ±Ã¨ ¥ ¿Ã©â€š £Ã¤ ¸ ªÃ¨â‚¬ Ã¦  ¿Ã¦Å"‰å â€"Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã§Å¡â€žÃ¤ ¸Å"è ¥ ¿That shopkeeper has very good things.LÇŽobÇŽn hÇŽo. YÇ’u mà ©iyÇ’u mi pà ­ngguÇ’?è€ Ã©â€"†å ¥ ½. æÅ"‰æ ²â€™Ã¦Å"‰è ³ £Ã¨Ëœâ€¹Ã¦Å¾Å"?è€ Ã¦  ¿Ã¥ ¥ ½. æÅ"‰æ ² ¡Ã¦Å"‰å â€"è‹ ¹Ã¦Å¾Å"?Hello. Do you sell apples? Edit: This article was significantly updated by Olle Linge on April 25th 2016.

Healthy Eating Messages and Children Nutrition (Case Study) Essay

Healthy Eating Messages and Children Nutrition (Case Study) - Essay Example As Gorn et al. (1982, 200) found ‘television advertising for children is developed from direct testing and observation of the child audience; Children are subjected to research techniques developed for the study of child psychology to determine the most effective way of inducing their counterparts in the nationwide audience to demand advertised products’. Under this intensive observation, the advertising addressed to children manages to achieve the target set by the multinational corporations, i.e. the ‘cultivation’ of specific nutritional preferences to children of all ages in accordance with the production line of these firms. In the same context, Smitt et al. (2007, 57) stated that ‘the issues of food advertisements, especially aimed at children, and food labeling are factors behind the obesity epidemic which need to be tackled while commercial communication increases consumer information; however, the promotion of unhealthy foods negatively impacts the health of the population and for this reason actions need to be taken to protect children from commercial activity in this field’. The above assumptions are in accordance with the findings of WHO in 2003 which indicate that ‘dietary adjustments may not only influence present health, but may determine whether or not an individual will develop such diseases as cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes much later in life’ (WHO, 2003, 2). In fact it has been found that wrong nutritional ‘habits’ can lead to severe consequences for the health not only in adults but also in children. More specifically, a research made by the World Health Organization in 2003 showed that ‘higher blood pressure in childhood (in combination with other risk factors) causes target organ and anatomical changes that are associated with cardiovascular risk, including reduction in artery elasticity, increased ventricular size and mass, haemodynamic increase in

Applying to an American University of a South Korean Descent Essay

Applying to an American University of a South Korean Descent - Essay Example My life has not been ordinary, to say the least. As soon as I came of age, I had to serve in the Korean army for 2 years, and for most men my age, that was a time of pride and elation. I, however, felt nothing of the sort. Now, let me clarify, I love my country and there is little I would not do to protect it from external influences, but at that age, when I looked around and saw illiteracy and poverty, I felt that the country's true enemies were not Russia or China, I felt it was illiteracy and lack of education that we should have been fighting against. Needless to say, those 2 years, albeit having taught me a lot, in my eyes were 2 years wasted. I come from a religious family, and ever since I was in middle school I volunteered at the local church and helped in organizing mass and proceedings, and so was directly in touch with priests and hence, felt very, very spiritual from a very young age. In addition, naturally, in church, I met all sorts of different people and I noticed something, most of the people that attended regularly were the ones shabbily dressed, the ones that were from lower class homes, and I felt that they were approaching God as a last hope, as a sort of escape from their miserable realities and once more, I was struck by my country's misfortunes. During this time, I grew more and more pensive and made a decision to travel and see anything other than misery and depression. So I traveled with my family to North Korea, Asia, and America. And the more I traveled, the more confused I became.

Business Forecasting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Forecasting - Essay Example Business forecasting can be done using two methods as covered in this paper. This method of forecasting depends on the market experts and thus short-term predictions are best situated for this method of forecasting. For the method to work and attain the desired goals of the company, then experts must be involved in financial statements so as to predict and rely on measures that can be followed. If the measures outlined by the experts are followed, then short term goals and success will be accomplished (McKinley and Lee, 2005). The only disadvantage of the qualitative method of forecasting is that the management of the companies relies on the opinions of individuals or the experts who estimate the budget and provide the measurable data that is going to be used in the company. For this method to be successful in any organization then it will involve the following aspects. This simply means that the company will have to conduct a market research relating to the kind of products and services the company offers (Adams, 2000). Well carried market research will involve the number of participants in the exercise and thus it will be showing the potential customers who will use the products or services when it is launched. This method involves experts who carry general opinions and then the experts will compile that data so as to forecast on the trend. For example, the company may look at the competitive advantage over other companies, as well as corporate governance among other aspects. Quantitative model do away with human analysis but solely depends on the data. This method of forecasting also involves other variables which are predicted sales, the gross domestic products among others which are predicted for long term goals (Lawrence, 2010). Quantitative model involves the following tools. The approach depends on some indicators like unemployment rate, and the gross domestic product among others in the company. To get the indicator then a comparison and the

Similar to Sister James Essay Example for Free

Similar to Sister James Essay Similar to Sister James I was left in doubt throughout the story regarding what was true and what was not. One aspect of the story that did not leave me in doubt was the juxtaposition of the very different philosophies of Sister Aloysius and Father Flynn. One the far end of rigid sternness was Sister Aloysius with her dislike of anything new or changing and who felt the children should be dealt with stern rigid methods. On the complete opposite side was Father Flynn who felt the children should be related to with kindness and love and favored progression to transform the school. Even within the structured religious institution there was the classic dichotomy between black and white, light and dark, good and bad; although there is doubt about which character reflects which aspect, for most of the story I felt Sister Aloysius represented the black and Father Flynn the white. Through their conversations and actions the two waged a war of words and wills which left Sister James caught in the crossfire wherein she subsequently lost her innocence and was possibly the biggest victim of all. Although she was perceived as ignorant by Sister Aloysius I feel Sister James simply had a new and progressive attitude towards the education of her students. Sister Aloysius quickly cut through her ideals on how she should teach and be regarded by students in favor of her own stern methods and approach while subsequently igniting the flame of doubt within Sister James. It is the doubt that quickly corrupts Sister James changing how she views herself and the world around her. She goes from perceiving the world from an optimistic and happy place to that of pessimistic and paranoid which she says makes her â€Å"feel as if I’m less close to God†. It struck me as highly unbecoming of anyone ordained as a nun to cause another sister to stray away from God and Sister Aloysius’s excuse of â€Å"In the pursuit of wrongdoing, one steps away from God† was weak at best. She seems to have had it out for Father Flynn from the beginning and done everything she could to get rid of him and even though she did the problem (if there was one) simply moved locations. Her actions can be easily justifiable only if her suspicions were correct and as the truth is never revealed the reader is left in doubt. I feel there is a lot of meaning in the title and that the story would hold a different meaning if it were simply titled â€Å"Doubt†. Adding the words â€Å"A Parable† change my perceptions and connotations about the underlying themes and messages of the work. Regarding parables while talking with Sister James Father Flynn says â€Å"You make up little stories to illustrate. In the tradition of the parable†, and later â€Å"What actually happens in life is beyond interpretation. The truth makes for a bad sermon. It tends to be confusing and have no clear conclusion†. In this play we never get at the truth and we never see or learn what really happened, all we have is the story that illustrates a point; in this case doubt. Father Flynn’s message of doubt and of the story were revealed in the first act in his sermon: â€Å"Doubt can be a bond as powerful and sustaining as certainty. When you are lost, you are not alone†. Sister James is the only character in the play that experiences profound doubt which may have lead her away from God or it may have created the strong bond and connection Father Flynn spoke of. Either way I am still left in quite a bit of doubt.

College Admissions Essay: Help the Little Children :: College Admissions Essays

Help the Little Children    "I believe the children are our future; teach them well and let them lead the way. Show them all the beauty they possess inside." These are the words of the well-known singer, Whitney Houston. They are words that I truly intend to live by. My greatest reason for wanting to further my education is to be able to teach and help the children.    See, I come from a small community in Mississippi called Fitler. Many people have not even heard of it. In this community there is nothing positive to motivate or encourage the children to get involved in meaningful goals. One would think that there wouldn't be any problems in a community of roughly 200 people, which is only growing because of teenage pregnancies. I heard a woman from the state's capital make the statement that "the people in this area are either overweight, Christians, or pregnant because all they have to do is eat, go to church, and have sex." As harsh as that sounds, I agree. They are in the middle of nowhere surrounded by nothing. These children have to ride the bus for one and one-half-hours just to get to school.    I believe that if there were more activities, organizations, encouragement, and motivation, and if they had someone to teach them the importance of an education and the values of life, many of their problems would cease. Therefore, with my education, I will enrich the lives of these children. First, I will start a 4-H Club. I will also organize a Big Brother and Big Sister Youth Group, build playgrounds, and start little league athletic departments. I will build a Youth Center with a library, video arcade, and skating rink. The center will also offer classes in Biblical education, computer education, and tutoring for all grade levels. I will hire advisors to come in biweekly for ACT Preparation courses and courses on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. There will be two guidance counselors available at all times and I will provide a way for the older children to earn money. I even have plans for building a school in closer proximity to the students.    I'm constantly realizing that everyone is not as blessed as I am. College Admissions Essay: Help the Little Children :: College Admissions Essays Help the Little Children    "I believe the children are our future; teach them well and let them lead the way. Show them all the beauty they possess inside." These are the words of the well-known singer, Whitney Houston. They are words that I truly intend to live by. My greatest reason for wanting to further my education is to be able to teach and help the children.    See, I come from a small community in Mississippi called Fitler. Many people have not even heard of it. In this community there is nothing positive to motivate or encourage the children to get involved in meaningful goals. One would think that there wouldn't be any problems in a community of roughly 200 people, which is only growing because of teenage pregnancies. I heard a woman from the state's capital make the statement that "the people in this area are either overweight, Christians, or pregnant because all they have to do is eat, go to church, and have sex." As harsh as that sounds, I agree. They are in the middle of nowhere surrounded by nothing. These children have to ride the bus for one and one-half-hours just to get to school.    I believe that if there were more activities, organizations, encouragement, and motivation, and if they had someone to teach them the importance of an education and the values of life, many of their problems would cease. Therefore, with my education, I will enrich the lives of these children. First, I will start a 4-H Club. I will also organize a Big Brother and Big Sister Youth Group, build playgrounds, and start little league athletic departments. I will build a Youth Center with a library, video arcade, and skating rink. The center will also offer classes in Biblical education, computer education, and tutoring for all grade levels. I will hire advisors to come in biweekly for ACT Preparation courses and courses on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. There will be two guidance counselors available at all times and I will provide a way for the older children to earn money. I even have plans for building a school in closer proximity to the students.    I'm constantly realizing that everyone is not as blessed as I am.

Old People

Michael Bagen SPE 101 Speech 12/14/10 Outline I. Attention getter: Going to Wedding, old man hits car i. Credibility: Real life situations with older drivers, Dad is an EMT and talks to me about calls all the time ii. Topics: The facts of old drivers, real-life stories, solutions iii. Thesis: I want a federal law to be passed that forces any driver the age of 65 and older to be retested every 3 years to not only save their lives, but others around them. II. Statistics: i. In next 20 years, the number of elderly drivers triple in amount according to Smart Motorist . Older drivers more conservative when driving rarely changing there habits because of factors such as busy highways or nighttime where as other drivers may go another route b. More accidents than kids, mostly at intersections c. At the age of 65 there is a much greater risk for a driver to be engaged in a vehicle accident 1. At the age of 75 that risk increases from just a crash to an accident involving a fatality because o f there higher risk of bad eyes or slower reaction time ii. Troubles with Age a. Bad at making turns b.Slower response rates and reaction times to a drastic change c. Studies show that most accidents involving the elderly are caused at intersections there also multi-vehicle accidents iii. In Japan (2006) a. 20. 8 percent over age 65 b. 13. 1 percent licensed drivers iv. Between 75-84 years old a. Rate of 3 deaths per 100 million miles 1. Over age of 85, chances increase nearly four times v. By 2030 a. Predictions for over age 65 1. Responsible for over 25% of fatal crashes vi. Database, Accidents Analysis & Prevention – July 2010 a. tested 10 teenagers and 10 senior citizens . used pedestrians to test stopping skills 1. 1. 8% slower in front stopping 2. 2. 8% slower on right side 3. 2. 1% slower for left side vii. One of the problems no one wants to fight this is because Seniors are one of the biggest group of voters every election a. Take away there licenses they can’ t drive to the polls b. Take away there licenses even if they could drive they probably won’t vote for you III. Real Stories: i. Elizabeth Grimes a. 90 years old b. Drove through a red light at an intersection and hit one car and then smashed into 17 year old Katie Bolka 1.A classmates mom heard the crash from a couple cars back and ran out to see if anyone needed help, she recognized the school uniform from her kids and she called to school to let them know 2. On this day Katie left early because she wanted to get to school early for some last minute cramming since she had exams that day an had spent the previous weekend studying. a. If she left at her normal time instead of leaving early her 14-year-old sister would have been in the car with her then they both might not be here today. b. 5. 5 days later, she died, she never regained consciousness c.Of the other four people in the accident including Elizabeth they all survived with minor injuries. ii. George Russell Weller ( 2003, Santa Monica CA) a. Age 86, Weller suffered from arthritis, nausea as a side effect of medication, and reduced mobility from a hip replacement. b. George hit the back end of a Mercedes and after doing this he began to accelerate around a corner 1. He went through a road closed sign signifying that there was a farmers market going on and then proceeded to drive at around speeds of 40-60mph for about 1,000ft The only reason his car finally stopped was from bodies being under it. 2. Killed 10 people . Injured over 70 people in his Buick 1. Mistook the accelerator for the break 3. Too old to go to jail – charged for manslaughter a. Fined $101,700. b. Five years of felony probation. 4. Aftermath: a. As of May 22, 2008 the City of San Fransisco has paid out over $21 million to settle dozens of civil suits from the families b. The man that caused all this grief and devistation is confined to his house for the rest of his life receiving 24 hour nursing care 5. Scary part beside s the obvious a. His DMV record was almost spotless, besides one accident that occurred almost 10 years prior b. The accidents were almost identical to.While he didn’t cause any harm that time the fashion of crash was almost the same with his car driving off the road for no reason and then him getting out looking dazed and confused. iii. Elizabeth Baldick a. Age 84 b. Drove her car though a Sears from entrance 1. Completely mauling over a register counter including the employee behind it 2. The only thing that stopped her car was a cement support beam in the store 3. If it wasn’t for that she may not have stopped for a while a. Even after the crash had happened her foot was still pressing down on the gas and you could hear the tires still trying to move 4.The only reason she could give for all this happening was because she was currently on some medication IV. Some Solutions: i. Federal Law Passed. a. Every 3 years get re-tested 1. Check eyes and reactions ii. Doctors should work closer with the DMV a. By having doctors work closer we can get people off the road that shouldn’t be driving b. If someone comes in with a seizure, eye problem anything that could impair there driving abilities the doctor should take it upon themselves to let the DMV know c. Or a doctor giving out medication that has side effects that could do the same the DMV should know about these things . On a personal note my cousin lives in California and is currently going through some medical problems, while he was driving a couple months ago he had a seizure. He had no history of seizures or anything of the sort but after going to the doctor he was not allowed to drive for the next couple months while he was under observation so it wouldn’t happen again 2. Before he was allowed to drive again he had to get written consent to provide to the DMV from his doctor saying he is allowed to drive again. 3. My cousin is in his mid 40’s, why aren’t we doing th is to people that are twice his age and are still driving? ii. Increase profit a. Government will make more money with retests 1. Lower down the debt iv. States that passed this law a. 23 states require periodical visits to DMV b. Only 16 of those states require visual tests v. More precise tests a. Make the eye exams for any situation 1. Florida has enacted a new more strict eye exam for the elderly (80 and over) 2. Because of it 20% of the over 80 crowd don’t even go to try and renew because they don’t think they’ll pass. b. Make sure the medication won’t interfere c. Make it harder than the normal driving test vi.Urge your elderly family members to go and get checked out again, or tell them the next time they need to go somewhere to call you and you’ll take them. V. Conclusion: i. Everyone get in accidents, but with age the increase just keeps getting higher and higher ii. Pass a Federal Law to try and stop this easily avoidable problem from hap pening a. If Seniors want to drive that bad then they will have to follow the rules for doing so iii. Everyday a Senior citizen takes a chance while driving, who knows who could be next to fall victim to it. Works Cited: Davis, R. , & Debarros, A. (2007, May 2). Older, dangerous drivers a growing problem. Editorial]. USA Today, p. 1. Retrieved November 02, 2010 from the World Wide Web: http://www. usatoday. com/ news/ nation/ 2007-05-02-older-drivers-usat1a_n. htm. Press, A. (2007). Older Drivers, Elderly Driving, Seniors At The Wheel. Retrieved November 07, 2010 from Non-Profit Organization, Smart Motorist: http://www. smartmotorist. com/ traffic-and-safety-guideline/ older-drivers-elderly-driving-seniors-at-the-wheel. html. White, M. (2006). Senior Driving. Retrieved November 07, 2010 from Non-profit organization, Helpguide. org: http://www. helpguide. org/ elder/ senior_citizen_driving. htm.

4.2. Describe the Importance of Reassuring Children

4. 2. Describe the importance of reassuring children, young people and adults of the confidentiality of shared information and the limits of this. Confidentiality is the preservation of privileged information, concerning children and their families, which is disclosed in the professional relationship. It is a complicated issue which is based upon the principle of trust. Confidentiality is very important when working in a closely with parents. Some information needs to be shared but only with your superior, i. e. head teacher, as it will be a matter of total confidence. If you suspect a child-protection issue, this should be shared only with your superior and again in strictest confidence, and the parents will need to be aware of this. It will be important from the very beginning of your relationship with parents, there is an understanding and they can tell you something in confidence, you may have to share the information with your superior. It is important never to gossip about parents or their children. -It is important never to discuss one parent with another. -It is important not to make judgements about children or their parents. -Some information needs to be shared with the all the staff, in particular diet, allergy, religious rituals, if the child is being collected by someone other than their main carer, general records on pupils individual teachers’ records of assessment, SEN information on pupils. Under the Data Protection Act 1998, information about pupils needs to be kept in a secure place. Never take any information off site and do not provide opportunities for others to gain access to it. When sharing information with colleagues only discuss points they need to know. If you notice any breaches of confidentiality always report the matter to an appropriate member of staff.

As Loonie Falls, Economic Outlook Remains Hopeful For Business Says

As Loonie Falls, Economic Outlook Remains Hopeful For Business Says As Loonie Falls, Economic Outlook Remains Hopeful For Business Says Bank Of Canada – Article Example Opinion Business entrepreneurs and investors have long been waiting for a falling loonie in Canada, and the report suggests that it is about time they meet their expectations. However, the merits and demerits associated with the falling loonie depend upon the place of a sector in the economy. Major winners include exporters, hospitality and tourism, manufacturers, and exporters that have lost market share in the past years in the world. On the other hand, life of the consumers, importers, and travelers is made more expensive by a weaker dollar because of its tendency to stoke inflation. Overall, falling loonie can be perceived as a positive thing since this would increase the competitiveness of the Canadian goods and services. Weakening of the dollar is a good news for economy’s large swaths that have, for the past few years, been struggling to overcome the effect of the recession. They mostly include the manufacturers that at least have an opportunity of making some profits. A lower Canadian dollar has the tendency to produce more money for investment, increase in the number of staff, and higher profits since significant number of sales take place in the US dollars. Investors see it as a return to normalcy after years of trouble. Although economic growth of the US has a huge impact on the business and economy of Canada, yet it would be prudent of Canada to not entirely depend upon the US for its businesses; Canada should also take other measures to strengthen its economy, one of which could be accelerating the sanction of the free trade agreement with Europe.

Accounting Equation Paper Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Accounting Equation Paper Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers Accounting Equation Paper ACC/300 April 13, 2015 Accounting Equation Paper The accounting equation is displayed as, assets = liabilities + stockholders equity. This simple equation, that can actually be rather complex at times, is the basis for what is known as the double-entry accounting system (Investopedia, 2015). The double-entry accounting system is also used to create and maintain an organizations balance sheet. According to Investopedia (2015), The balance sheet is a complex display of this equation, showing that the total assets of a company are equal to the total of liabilities and shareholder equity (Accounting Equation). With this paper, I will examine the components of the accounting equation and balance sheet, and provide examples of this equation. As previously stated the accounting equations is comprised of assets, liabilities, and stockholders equity. Assets are resources that have a value to an organization such as; cash, accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, etc. (Accounting Coach, 2015, What are Assets). Liabilities are financial responsibilities of an organization such as; accounts payable, wages, interest, taxes, etc. (Accounting Coach, 2015, Balance Sheet). Stockholders equity is defined as the owners claim to assets (Kimmel, Weygandt, The double-entry accounting system, according to Investopedia (2015), Is based on the fact that every financial transaction has equal and opposite effects in at least two different accounts (Double Entry). When an organization begins, it starts with the standard accounting equation of assets = liabilities + equity. The initial equation with number listed will be $0 = $0 + $0. When the owners of the organization input their money, let say $1000, the equation will look like this: $1000 = $0 + $1000. Now let say that the organization decided to do $500 worth of advertising, the equation would now change to the following: $1000 = $500 + $500. Finally, let say that the organization makes its first sale worth $300 because of the advertising, the equation would now change to: $1300 = $500 + $800. References Accounting Coach. (2015). Balance Sheet. Retrieved from accountingcoach.com/balance-sheet/explanation/2 Accounting Coach (2015). What are assets?. Retrieved from accountingcoach.com/blog/what-are-assets Investopedia. (2015). Accounting Equation. Retrieved from investopedia.com/terms/a/accounting-equation.asp Investopedia. (2015). Double Entry. Retrieved from investopedia.com/terms/d/double-entry.asp Kimmel, P.D., Weygandt, J.J., & Kieso, D.E. (2011). Financial Accounting Tools for Business Decision Making (6th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook.

A Guide to Conjugating the French Amener (to Bring, Take)

A Guide to Conjugating the French Amener (to Bring, Take) When learning French, you will often need to use the verb  amener  which means to take or to bring. This is used in the context of take the dog to the park or something similar. This is a relatively easy French lesson to follow and good practice for conjugating a stem-changing verb. How to Conjugate the French Verb  Amener To conjugate a verb means to adapt it to match the subject pronoun you are speaking about. We do the same thing in English, though the conjugations are often simple such as using takes instead of take. Each verb form for  amener  is slightly different depending on subject. Pronouns like I, you, he, or we each have their own translation in French j, tu, il, nous, etc. Its also important to know that  amener  is a  stem-changing verb. This means that conjugating  the verb uses the same endings as regular -er verbs. That makes this a very easy conjugation. Study this chart to learn how to conjugate this verb in French. It tells you which form to use with each subject and in each tense.  For example, to say I bring, you will say jamà ¨ne. To say we will bring, you will say nous  amà ¨nerez. Subject Present Future Imperfect j' amà ¨ne amà ¨nerai amenais tu amà ¨nes amà ¨neras amenais il amà ¨ne amà ¨nera amenait nous amenons amà ¨nerons amenions vous amenez amà ¨nerez ameniez ils amà ¨nent amà ¨neront amenaient Amener and the Present Participle The  present participle  of  amener  is  amenant. The -ant ending is similar to the -ing we use in English, which makes the verb mean bringing or taking. This verb form is quite resourceful as it can also be an adjective, gerund, or even a noun in the right context. Amener  in the Past Tense Passà © composà ©Ã‚  is the most common form of past tense in the French language. When you want to say that you brought or took something, you will need to add the appropriate  auxiliary verb. In the case of amener, that is  avoir. Were not quite done, though, because you will also need the  past participle  of the verb to complete the phrase. For amener, that is simply  amenà ©. That is used no matter the subject pronoun. Now that we know all the pieces for the past tense, lets put it to use. To say I brought in French, you will say jai  amenà ©. In this case,  ai  is the conjugate for that helping or auxiliary verb,  avoir. More Conjugations of  Amener Those are the simple conjugations of  amener  and ones that you will use quite often. There are other forms of this verb that you may or may not need, but its good to be aware of them. The subjunctive refers to a verb mood expressing that something is uncertain. The conditional is another verb mood that is used when the action might happen under certain conditions. The passà ©Ã‚  simple and imperfect subjunctive forms are used in formal writing. Unless youre learning how to write properly in French, its not likely that you will use them. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Passà © Simple Imperfect Subjunctive j' amà ¨ne amà ¨nerais amenai amenasse tu amà ¨nes amà ¨nerais amenas amenasses il amà ¨ne amà ¨nerait amena amenà ¢t nous amenions amà ¨nerions amenà ¢mes amenassions vous ameniez amà ¨neriez amenà ¢tes amenassiez ils amà ¨nent amà ¨neraient amenà ¨rent amenassent Heres where things can get a bit confusing when conjugating French verbs. The imperative form is another verb mood used to request, give, or make a request. The primary difference here is that you will not use the subject pronoun. Instead, you simply use the imperative verb form. For example, instead of saying tu  amà ¨ne you can simply say amà ¨ne. Imperative (tu) amà ¨ne (nous) amenons (vous) amenez Other Verbs Meaning To Take In English, we use the word take in many contexts. There is no single to take word in French.  As with many languages, French uses a few verbs to indicate the different meanings of to take.   Where  amener  is more like to bring,  accepter  means to accept. The verb for actually taking something is  prendre. Its a good idea to study all of these at once so you know when to use each.

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Fluoridation and Toxicity Issues - Assignment Example Fluoridation might actually result in the darkening of the teeth or dental fluorosis and may even affect the gums (The Debate over Adding Fluoride in Our Water, 2013). This will result in something like what American researchers called the Colorado Brown Stain, which was a result of excessive use of fluoride and which affected some children from 1909 to 1915. Moreover, the darkening of the teeth was not related to tooth decay (The Story of Fluoridation, 2011). In a study by Parnell et al. (2009), there have been 88 studies that revealed that fluorosis may be derived from drinking of water treated with fluoride. Fluoride consumption in drinking water may also be associated with problems concerning the health of the skeletal system. The most common is bone fracture (Limeback, 2000). The most common of these bone fracture types is hip fracture (Diesendorf et al., 1997). Moreover, data from 29 studies prove that long-term consumption of drinking water with fluoride can result in bone fracture (Parnell et al., 2009). Indeed, even though these studies are mostly from the United States, it does not change the fact that the potential harmful effects of fluoride can happen to any group of people in the world as long as they are exposed to relatively large amounts of the chemical in water. The third and perhaps most difficult concern, which I hope Dr. Nokes will bring up and clarify, is that an excess of fluoride in the human body is simply â€Å"detrimental to long-term dental and overall health† (The Debate over Adding Fluoride in Our Water, 2013). This is indeed very alarming because people are actually not familiar with the standard amount of fluoride that a human body must take in as well as the maximum levels of the chemical that the body can handle. Although the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States points out 4 mg/L as the standard maximum tolerable aount of fluoride that Americans can take in, the data may be

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Civil Rights Movement in the US - Essay Example It lasted until national civil rights legislation was passed in the mid-1960s. African-Americans and other racial minorities rejected this regime. They resisted it and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded in 1909. It struggled to end race discrimination through litigation, education, and lobbying efforts. Its crowning achievement was its legal victory in the Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education (1954) that rejected separate white and colored school systems and by implication overturned the "separate but equal" doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson.Invigorated by the victory of Brown and frustrated by its lack of immediate practical effect, private citizens increasingly rejected gradualist, legalistic approaches as the primary tool to bring about desegregation. In defiance, they adopted a combined strategy of direct action with nonviolent resistance known as civil disobedience, giving rise to the African-American Civil R ights Movement of 1955-1968. Notable legislative achievements during this phase of the Civil Rights Movement were passage of Civil Rights Act of 1964, that banned discrimination in employment practices and public accommodations; the Voting Rights Act of 1965, that restored and protected voting rights; the Immigration and Nationality Services Act of 1965, that dramatically opened entry to the U.S. to immigrants other than traditional European groups; and the Civil Rights Act of 1968, that banned discrimination

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Cash wise company - Term Paper Example This assignment presents the results and analysis of financial ratios of a publicly traded company. We selected a company listed in the S&P 500 index. The comparison of nine sectors of S&P 500 index within five years of interval shows that the Health Care is the leading sector (â€Å"S&P Sector Performance†). Based on information provided in Table 1, we select AbbVie Inc (ABBV) for our study, and Abbott Laboratories (ABT), Amgen Inc (AMGN), Baxter Intl (BAX) as its competitors. Our selection is based on the beta value and market capitalization of the company (Table 1) and character of the historical stock prices shown in Figure 2. The stock prices of ABBV are stable and without noises. AbbVie Inc. is a pharmaceuticals company; it conducts extensive researches to treat diseases such as HIV, thyroid disease, Parkinson’s disease, chronic kidney disease and other complex diseases. AbbVies portfolio of products include HUMIRA, Synthroid, AndroGel, Creon, Kaletra, Norvir, Lupron, Niaspan, TriCor, TRILIPIX, Synagis, Duodopa, Dupa, Zemplar (â€Å"AbbVie†). Financial ratios are used to assess a company’s performance and position in the competitive landscape of business. It allows measuring the company’s performance across time and among its competitors. Our objective of this study is to evaluate AbbVie Inc.’s financial ratios for years from 2012 to 2014 and compare them with ratios of its competitors. Financial ratios are divided into four categories: profitability, efficiency, liquidity, and leverage. Profitability Ratios. A company’s principal goal is to make a profit. Assets and operational activities employed in the company are assigned to achieve this goal. Profitability ratios measure a company’s ability to generate profit. There are several profitability ratios. This assignment uses Net profit margin, Return on assets, and Return on equity. Efficiency Ratios. Assets and liability are two important issues of a

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Business Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Innovation - Essay Example The companys goals and culture are embedded into the actual design and management of its facilities (Fitzgerald, 2001). For instance, the company’s buildings have large windows, warm colors and fabrics, open floor plans, recreation areas and fitness centers. This enables the company to connect indirectly with its employees while providing an environment that allows for a more productive and interactive workforce. The companys catch phrase too, Connecting People, is symbolic of the culture, which helps define the purpose of its physical facilities. Their culture encourages employee participation through open discussions and debates. Nokia’s culture promotes good communications, which is integrated into every day interaction with and between employees (Nokia, 2006). They have performance-management system, called Investing in People (IIP) involves discussions between employees and their managers, twice a year. They have flexible working hours, study leave and health-care services and recreational activities (HRM Digest). Another company having innovative culture is Procter & Gamble (P&G), America’s biggest maker of household products. There is a shift in P&G’s culture from a conservative, slow-moving, bureaucratic attitude to a modern, fast-moving, internet-savvy organization (CorporateWatch, 2006). They have introduced a new system of attracting the right talents in its fold with a view to make faster and better decisions, cut red tape, reduce costs of systems and procedure while setting more aggressive sales goals. Go, Give and Grow is a scheme that has struck chord with the youth. This scheme gives the graduates the opportunity to make their personal contribution to humanitarian projects before they start their career with P&G (HRMID, 2006). The new graduates selected for employment with P&G get a chance to work for 12 months in a developing country with the World Health Organization (WHO) or Unicef.

Review of Three Ethical Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Review of Three Ethical Theories - Essay Example According to this theory, individuals are seen as rational and utility maximizing entities. Several business decisions today are based on this principle; that is, the correct business decision is one that maximizes the net benefit to the society. Thus, the decision which is in the best interests of the society is one that maximizes the net benefit to the society. The founder of traditional Utilitarianism, Jeremy Bentham, argued that best and most valuable judgments are those that are based on objective considerations (Scarre, 1996). Thus, the benefits and costs of each public policy should be weighed and then the policy should be executed only if the benefits outweigh the costs. The theory inherently assumes that the costs and benefits can be measured (Scarre, 1996). Thus, the value of the costs can be subtracted from the value of benefits. The theory does not aim at maximizing an individual’s utility. It aims at maximizing the net benefits to the society. The provision of pub lic and merit goods is based on this theory. It is consistent with morality since it takes into account ‘everyone’s’ interests in equal amount. ... According to him, each individual have a moral right to this and that this moral right of individuals translates into duties for other individuals. The first foundation of this imperative is based on the principles of universibility and reversibility (Butler, 2008). Thus, individuals must ask themselves how they would feel if other treated them the same way and how would they feel if everyone did the same. Thus, according to Kant, the immoral decisions and actions were those that one wouldn’t want for oneself (Butler, 2008). The second imperative states that individuals ought not to be treated merely as means; that is, their capacity to choose freely for themselves must also be developed. This clearly demonstrates that while the Utilitarians imply an ‘economically rational’ justification for actions, Rights Ethics correctly captures the human values and goes beyond the traditional cost-benefit analysis. Thus, according to Utilitarians, individuals could be deprive d of their right to liberty simply because the net benefit isn’t maximized (Jeurissen, 2007). Hence, Rights Ethics takes a step forward by respecting not only the positive but also the negative rights of individuals ( that is, the freedom from coercion). Thus, the Rights Ethics many of the flaws associated with the Utilitarian view. Firstly, the utilitarian view simplistically assumes that all the consequences of an action can be quantitatively measured (Smart & Williams, 1973). This is not always the case. For instance, how could one assign a value to one’s life? Secondly, it deals insufficiently with rights, morals and justice (Smart & Williams, 1973). As outlined in the following